Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether exposure symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment information for Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether exposure (Chemical poisoning - Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether) with alternative diagnoses, full-text book chapters, misdiagnosis, research … Vos records revealed the syrup had been bought from Sinochem International Chemicals Company through a German trader, Metall-Chemie. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Authorities warn against using some toothpastes, Taste of Raspberries, Taste of Death – The 1937 Elixir Sulfanilamide Incident, "Wallace Reveals How Federal Agents Traced Elixir to Halt Fatalities", "Medication-associated diethylene glycol mass poisoning: A review and discussion on the origin of contamination", "Popular Wines found to hold toxic chemical. [52], On June 1, 2007, the FDA warned consumers to avoid toothpaste from China, although there was no information if these toothpastes had already entered the US, and started testing any imported Chinese toothpaste. [32][33][34], In the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, disease outbreaks are not recognized unless widespread or unusual. [3] BACKGROUND A risk assessment of DEGBE with the chemical name 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether was done by a member state (France). Soon, patients started to present anuria, acidic breathing, hepatomegaly, and unresponsiveness. Availability of DEG will depend on demand for derivatives of the primary product, ethylene glycol, rather than on DEG market requirements."[4]. Wang declared that after making the first order of counterfeit syrup, he swallowed some of it. [20], In Cape Town, South Africa, seven children developed vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration, and died of kidney failure after administration of over-the-counter sedatives. DEGEE. [1][19][28], During the summer months, 47 children were admitted to the Jos University teaching hospital, Nigeria, with anuria, fever and vomiting. [64][65][66], In December 2019, some people in the city of Belo Horizonte, initially all from the same neighbourhood, started having symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, acute kidney failure, facial nerve paralysis, blurred vision, temporary blindness and sensory changes. Postmortem examination revealed damage in the kidneys and liver, and laboratory testing found DEG instead of propylene glycol in the sedatives. About half were receiving Lisinopril (a blood pressure medicine), and many did not remember clearly if they had been taking other drugs. Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether poisoning symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment information for Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether poisoning (Chemical poisoning - Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether) with alternative diagnoses, full-text book chapters, misdiagnosis, research … stated in. In fact, Rasfer received the product from CNSC Fortune Way, which in turn bought it from the Taixing Glycerine Factory. Later on, HEAA leaves the liver through the bloodstream, being partially filtered in the kidneys for elimination. • As a cosurfactant in the formation of microemulsions. [53][54] Days later, Colgate-Palmolive found counterfeit toothpaste with its name, which was contaminated with DEG and found at dollar-type discount stores in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Maryland. Furthermore, it is also found in domestic detergents and brewing chemicals. Ethylene glycol is by far the largest volume of the glycol products in a variety of applications. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER For Synthesis is not on the REACH Candidate List DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER For Synthesis is not on the REACH Annex XIV List 15.1.2. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER is a ether-alcohol derivative. [55][56] Although there were no reports of anyone harmed, several people in the eastern US reported experiencing headaches and pain after using the product. High boiling point. Once physicians identified a suspect paracetamol syrup, samples were shipped to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the U.S., which identified DEG. BlmSchV (Hazardous Incident Ordinance) UNII. UNII. 121; Ethylne glycol butyl ether; Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; Glycol butyl ether; Monobutyl glycol ether; 3-oxa-1-heptanol; EPA Pesticide Code: 011501 Synonyms and Related Terms. Bogdanich, W. "Wider Sale Is Seen for Toothpaste Tainted in China ", U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Toxic alcohol ingestions: clinical features, diagnosis, and management", ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN: Polyethylene glycol, Existing Chemical Hazard Assessment Report, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, "Toothpaste containing more than 0.25 per cent by weight of diethylene glycol (DEG)". Between November 1995 and June 1996, almost 109 children admitted to the University Hospital in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, presented with acute kidney failure. [2] It can be a contaminant in consumer products; this has resulted in numerous epidemics of poisoning since the early 20th century. Although there is limited information about toxicokinetics in humans, observations in mass poisonings and experimental studies suggest the following information: The principal method of absorption is through oral ingestion. Shortly after, 2-hydroxyethoxyacetaldehyde (C4H8O3) is metabolized by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) into the weak acid 2-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid (HEAA) with chemical formula C4H8O4. [49][50][51] For the end of the month, the Chinese government committed to investigate the “supposedly” tainted toothpaste that had been recalled in Panama and Dominican Republic, but stated that, as per an essay written in 2000, a toothpaste containing 15.6% was not dangerous. The episode resulted in the deaths of 21 patients and the discovery of glycerin contaminated with 18.5% v/v of DEG. [5] DEG is used as a building block in organic synthesis, e.g. OPINION ON DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER (DEGBE) 4 1. of morpholine and 1,4-dioxane. Diethylene glycol (DEG) is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2CH2)2O. [8] The Australian government does not allow DEG as a food additive; it is only allowed at less than 0.25% w/w of DEG as an impurity of polyethylene glycol (PEG)[9] even in toothpaste. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether is used as a solvent in paints and varnishes e.g. This page was last edited on 28 November 2020, at 22:06. Glycol ethers are a group of solvents based on alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol commonly used in paints and cleaners. Siegfried Rebsdat and Dieter Mayer "Ethylene Glycol" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Panamanian officials traced the toothpaste to a local company in the Colón Free Trade Zone. The factory of the medication manufacturer, Pharval, was subsequently investigated by Dr. Joel Selanikio (also of CDC, and an Epidemic Intelligence Service classmate of Katherine O'Brien). Mr. Wang was caught and Qiquihar was shut down by the authorities. I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following licenses: Further investigation revealed all patients were treated with topical silver sulfadiazine ointment that contained 7 g/kg of DEG. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGBE) is used: • In the preparation of blocked isocyanate systems for coil coating, electro-coating and powder coating. They also arrested 12 people in connection with the incident. Chemical Nomenclature. The metabolites were determined in the urine. Barewa Pharmaceuticals was shut down and the product was pulled off the shelves. Besides Wang, five employees of Qiquihar were prosecuted. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to … [1][19][29][30], In Bangladesh between 1990 and 1992, 339 children developed kidney failure, and most of them died, after being given paracetamol (acetaminophen) syrup contaminated with diethylene glycol. Low vapor pressure. 0 references. It is miscible in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethylene glycol. The ether being relatively unreactive. At the time, the food and drug laws did not require toxicological analysis before releasing for sale. Notice of Adoption to Text of Regulations Title 22, Amendment to Section 12805 Maximum Allowable Dose Levels (MADLs) for Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (EGEE), Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate (EGEEA), and Potassium Dimethyldithiocarbamate From CAMEO. Once DEG reaches the liver, it is metabolized by enzymes. The agency also identified urinary DEG as a biomarker for DEG exposures. Doctors prescribed glycerine for its osmotic diuretic effect, but patients started to develop kidney failure. Nearly half of the victims were under the age of two. DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER is a ether-alcohol derivative. Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate Market is a professional and a complete report focusing on primary and secondary drivers, market share, competitor analysis, leading segments and geographical analysis. title. [68][69] On 9 June, the police indicted 11 people, including brewery owners and employees, for manslaughter, unintentional bodily harm and food contamination. The symptoms seemed to match with Guillain–Barré syndrome, but these patients were also losing their ability to urinate, a symptom not related to Guillain–Barré. 2 Pharmaceutical in 2005. Wang Guiping discovered how easy it was to enter China’s pharmaceutical supply business and earn extra money. It appears diethylene glycol is more hazardous to humans than implied by oral toxicity data in laboratory animals.[1]. ", "Scandal over poisoned wine embitters village in Austria.". [37] As a result of the case-control findings, and subsequent investigation at the factory, public warnings were issued by the Ministry of Health and bottles of the two medications were taken from pharmacy shelves and destroyed. English: Structure of Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate. [45] Spanish authorities are prosecuting Asunción Criado, general manager of Rasfer Internacional, S.A., and await Panamanian citizens, René Luciani (former Social Security Director) and Jéssica Rodríguez (former Purchase National Director) for their hearings. [35] By June 1996, with no idea what was causing the epidemic, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Haiti representative contacted the World Health Organization (WHO, the parent agency of PAHO), and WHO requested that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention investigate.[36][29][37]. This triggered the installation of more sensitive laboratory equipment in Banafi laboratories, Italy, and stronger alcohol regulations in Austria. [39] Immediately, biological samples and the syrup were sent by jet to CDC for analysis. In April 2006, the Guangdong Province Hospital of Guangzhou began administering Amillarisin A to their patients. [31], A propolis syrup manufactured by Huilen Laboratories in Buenos Aires, Argentina, contained between 24 and 66.5% DEG, and caused the death of 29 people. Investigations revealed that all had taken a medicine called “My Pikin Baby”, a teething mixture tainted with diethylene glycol. [1] In personal care products (e.g. The outbreak forced the government to ban the sale of paracetamol elixirs in December 1992, causing a decline of 53% in the admission of patients with kidney failure and an 84% decline in admissions by unexplained kidney failure. Diethylene glycol is used in the manufacture of saturated and unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethanes, and plasticizers. Soon thereafter, patients died after receiving the medication. O’Neil M. The Merck Index. The Himachal Pradesh government is filing a criminal case against the company and its executives. ", "Letter from Bombay. Doctors had no idea what was happening: the mysterious illness was attacking elderly citizens with hypertension and diabetes history. [11] In the case of DEG, observations demonstrated there were no calcium oxalate crystal deposits in the kidneys, implying ethylene glycol is not on the DEG metabolic pathway. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms. Packaging 1, 4 L in poly bottle 18 L in steel drum Legal Information Product of Dow Chemical Austrian wine was banned in many countries and the U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms started to test all imported wine. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Valid: TSCA Inv Ethanol, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)- Valid: CAA 111 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Valid: 01/05/1981: CAA112(b) HAP Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Unknown: Pesticide Tolerance Exemptions Diethylene glycol mono butyl ether Unknown Eastman™ DE Acetate (Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate) is a colorless liquid, soluble in water and miscible in most organic solvents. It was assumed that DEG was used as a substitute of propylene glycol, and this incident encouraged the Nigerian government to develop pharmaceutical quality control guidelines. Both ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol are produced from same starting material; ethylene. The death rate of this mysterious illness was nearly 50%, when hospital management decided to isolate all the patients with the illness in a large room and doctors could compare notes and theories. The primary results revealed that the mixture was more effective than using salt alone. Diethylene Glycol Ether Factory Offer High Grade 99% Butyldiglycol/ Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Cas 112-34-5 US $2.00-$5.00 / Kilogram 1.0 Kilograms (Min Order) Only 88 children deaths were recalled by doctors or had medical records. [57] It was later discovered that a great number of tubes with poison ended up in hospitals for the mentally ill, prisons, juvenile detention centers, other hospitals and many other state institutions. Our team of experts are at the ready. While the FDA tried to find out Tianhong’s address, Chinese officials were reluctant to become involved. The study revealed a strong association between ingestion of two locally produced acetaminophen liquid products (Afebril and Valodon) and illness. [59] Soon, other countries also recalling Chinese-made toothpaste were Belize, Canada, Mozambique, Saudi Arabia, New Zealand, Spain, Italy, Japan, and Ireland, plus an Indianapolis, Indiana US hotel-supplier that distributed Chinese toothpaste in Barbados, Belgium, Bermuda, Britain, Canada, Dominican Republic, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Spain, Switzerland, Turks and Caicos, the United Arab Emirates and United States. Jump to: navigation, search. [71][72], InChI=1S/C4H10O3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h5-6H,1-4H2, InChI=1/C4H10O3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h5-6H,1-4H2, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, 1937 – The Massengill Incident (United States). Carbitol Once verifying that he was fine, he shipped it to Qiquihar No. The company tested the new product, Elixir Sulfanilamide, for viscosity, appearance and fragrance. "Counterfeit Colgate Toothpaste Found", June 14, 2007. Patients were treated with fluid hydration and correction of acidosis, but some were not able to survive. The LD50 for small mammals has been tested at between 2 and 25 g/kg, less toxic than its relative ethylene glycol, but still capable of causing toxicity in humans. Promotes uniform dispersion; translucent to clear. * * [6] It is also a component in brake fluid, lubricants, wallpaper strippers, artificial fog and haze solutions, and heating/cooking fuel. This event caused the death of five patients.[3][21][22]. Bogdanich, W. "Toxic Toothpaste Made in China Is Found in U.S. ". [1][19], Patients being treated for burns developed sudden anuric kidney failure. [3] Because of its adverse effects on humans, diethylene glycol is not allowed for use in food and drugs. 86-13. It is also used in printing inks when very slow drying is desired. 1 reference. It is a colorless, practically odorless, poisonous, and hygroscopic liquid with a sweetish taste. The regional drug controller authorities after investigation found out that a faulty batch of the Coldbest PC cough syrup contained 34.97% of diethylene glycol, which resulted in poisoning and subsequent renal failures. Diethylene glycol butyl ether is a high boiling solvent, which can be used in coating industry. [42], In August 2009, the Supreme Court decided to send the diethylene glycol file to the Public Ministry for an extension. It is miscible in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethylene glycol. [23][24][25], After recalling millions of wine bottles, the Austrian Government had no idea how to destroy the product. The ether being relatively unreactive. About Diethyl Glycol Monobutyl Ether Enquire Now. Later, raw glycerin was analyzed and results revealed 22.2% v/v DEG. [39][41], Taixing sold the syrup as “TD glycerin”, wording that neither Chinese inspectors nor Spanish medical authorities comprehended. The toothpaste was labeled as “Manufactured in South Africa” and contained misspellings like "isclinically", "SOUTH AFRLCA" and "South African Dental Assoxiation". These measures quickly ended the advance of the epidemic. This product is created when ethylene oxide and n-butanol are combined. One year and a half after the FDA began to trace the poisonous shipments, an inspector, Ted Sze, finally visited the Tianhong Fine Chemicals Factory in Dalian, northeastern China. [3], The physical properties of diethylene glycol make it an excellent counterfeit for pharmaceutical-grade glycerine (also called glycerol) or propylene glycol, and has caused many deaths in different countries. 3053. During September 1986, the Ministry of Public Works started testing a mixture of wine with salt to melt hazardous ice during winter. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether agent detailed information in Haz-Map database. [43] The following month, the Toxicology Department of the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Science published a list of 1,155 names whose medicine bottles tested positive for DEG. Rat models suggest DEG is metabolized in the liver by enzyme NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) into a hydrogen ion, NADH and 2-hydroxyethoxyacetaldehyde (C4H8O3). The poison had caused the death of five patients. [ 3 ] 21... They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to … diethylene glycol in Colón... Colón Free Trade Zone, but the treatment failed been shut down and the U.S. Bureau alcohol! Found DEG instead of propylene glycol in Toothpaste declared that after making the first order of counterfeit,. Oxide and n-butanol are combined U.S. Bureau diethylene glycol monobutyl ether wiki alcohol, ether,,! 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