Wing of the adult Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Graphic by Division of Plant Industry. J.A.L. 1998, Papadopoulos 2008). The primarily eat ripened fruit, vegetables, fermenting food products. - 1, branch with leaves; 2, branchlet with fruit. The species originated in sub-Saharan Africa and is not known to be established in the continental United States. 2012. Dorsocentral bristles are anterior of the halfway point between supraalar and acrostichal bristles. Christenson LD, Foote RH. Mediterranean fruit fly in the U.S. - 1975. C. capitata . When it has been detected in Florida, California, and Texas, especially in recent years, each infestation necessitated intensive and massive eradication and detection procedures so that the pest did not become established. The cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton has a large convex mouth hook each side, approximately 2X hypostome in length. Scientific name: Planococcus citri . Newer version of trap used to capture adult of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Balady citron Israel citron Citrus medica: Grown in Israel and used for Jewish ritual purposes. Being a citrus fruit, this hybrid fruit is rich in vitamin C, vitamin A, etc. Pupae of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). 2012. (CARI) Caribbean Pest Information Network. Oxon, UK. 1918. The length of time required for the medfly to complete its life cycle under typical Florida summer weather conditions, and on which eradication schedules in Florida are based, is 21 to 30 days. During warm weather eggs hatch in 1.5 to three days. A female Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), pumps eggs through her ovipositor into the soft outer layers of a ripe coffee berry. The medfly has no near relatives in the Western Hemisphere. Adults die within four days if they cannot obtain food. Berg GH. The caudal end has bifurcate or paired dorsal papillules (D1 and D2) on small mount of relatively flat plate; intermediate papillules (I1-2) as a line of fused elevations on a very enlarged subspiracular tubercle, plus a remote I3 at approximately 45 degrees from I1-2; L1 on the median edge of the caudal end; V1 not prominent; posterior spiracles elongate (4.5 to 5X width), with dorsal and ventral spiracles angled away from relatively planar median spiracle; interspiracular processes (hairs) usually not branched; anal lobe bifid or entire. The parastomium is prominent. Life cycle of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), from left to right: adult, pupa, larva and eggs. Sanidad. The supposed supernumerary lateral papillules of the caudal end, noted by Phillips (1946), are not usually evident in specimens or at most represent only slight plate elevations on the very lateral edge dorsal to L1. Ceratitis hispanica De Brême United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative Plant Pest Report 1: 117-118. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 12: 1-161. Sapote Fruit Fly, Anastrepha serpentina, Host List The berries, fruit, nuts and vegetables of the listed plant species are now considered host articles for A. serpentina. United States Deptartment of Agriculture, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Santa Clara County Agriculture Commissioner, Alameda County Department of Agriculture 215 pp. In citrus fruits, especially limes and lemons, it appears to be longer. Older version of trap used to capture adults of the Adult Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Fruit Stripping: Fruit will be stripped from all host trees on a known larval properties and within 200 meters (656 feet). Description of adult: Adult female citrus mealybugs are white, about 3 mm long, and covered in a white mealy wax. Photograph by Anne-Sophie Roy, European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization; www.forestryimages.org. Life history of the Mediterranean fruit fly from the standpoint of parasite introduction. Head is to the left. Photograph by Scott Bauer, USDA. The adult peach fruit fly (PFF) is about the size of a housefly, 5 to 6 m millimeters (mm) in length. Adult Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), feeding on a cotton wick soaked with a bait-dye mixture. The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered one of the most important pests for citrus fruits. Arizona Department of Agriculture. Morphological - Adult . name(s) Image Taxonomic name/constituents Notes Amanatsu: Citrus natsudaidai: Yellowish-orange in colour, about the size of grapefruit and oblate in shape. The Mediterranean fruit fly in Hawaii. StephensonB@maf.govt.nz. Conley KL. There are 18 pairs of short waxy filaments around the margin of the body. in length. Attached is a world list of hosts grouped according to their importance according to best available information. Hosts. (17 July 2001). USDA. The grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is a subtropical citrus tree known for its relatively large sour to semisweet, somewhat bitter fruit. 1918. Steck and B.D. Host Plants of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera Tephritidae): An Annotated World Review. Other species in the genus Anastrepha including: United States: Arizona, California, Florida, and Texas. Fruit Family List A-Z . Restricted. The color is yellowish with brown tinge, especially on abdomen, legs, and some markings on wings. Pomelo (or Pummelo) is similar to grapefruit, but, somewhat larger in size. Mediterranean fruit fly impact in Central America. The species is known generally as the common fruit fly or vinegar fly. Other economically-important fruits and vegetables have been listed as being infested in laboratory conditions. Mexican Fruit Fly (MFF): Anastrepha ludens (Loew) Order - Diptera: Family - Tephritidae. When host fruit is continuously available and weather conditions favorable for many months, successive generations will be large and continuous. Photograph by Peggy Greb, USDA; www.forestryimages.org. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 71(3):257-261. Paradalaspis asparagi Bezzi For the 2010 infestation, the following treatments are being used by FDACS-DPI and the USDA (FDACS 2010b): Foliar Spot Treatments: Spraying trees with Spinosad (product FG-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait) which is an insecticide derived from a naturally occurring soil organism. Caribbean fruit flies found in citrus are native to the islands of the same name but have migrated over time to afflict groves worldwide. Although it may be a major pest of citrus, often it is a more serious pest of some deciduous fruits, such as peach, pear, and apple. Back EA, Pemberton CE. The thorax is creamy white to yellow with a characteristic pattern of black blotches. The shape of the interior sclerotizations of the dorsal wing plate and the hood of the pharyngeal plate are also distinctive for the species. Figure 3. Host preferences vary in different regions. Larval cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Ripe fruit is likely to be more juicy, and such fruits often are associated with a high mortality of eggs and young larvae. In Florida, the FDACS-Division of Plant Industry will cooperate with USDA-APHIS in regulating the actions of both commercial entities and homeowners. Internac. Pupa: The pupa is cylindrical, 4 to 4.3 mm long, dark reddish brown, and resembles a swollen grain of wheat. Larval life may be as short as six to 10 days when the mean temperatures average 77 to 79°F (25 to 26.1°C). Adults may live 11 - 16 months and lay over 1500 eggs. When the daily mean temperature averages from 76 to 78°F (24.4 to 25.6°C), most females are ready to mate from six to eight days after eclosion. Tephritis capitata Wiedemann Photograph by USDA. It seems like fruit flies will target any fruit that's lying around in your kitchen. Figure 24. Larger than a housefly, 7 - 10 mm (0.28 - 0.39 in.) The caudal end has two prominent subspiracular tubercles, each with a crescent of irregularly fused papillules (approximately equivalent to 11-2). The biology and identification of trypetid larvae (Diptera: Trypetidae). (http://www.caripestnetwork.org/vtt/docs/datasheets/diptera/anastrepha_ludens.pdf). It causes the fruit to turn yellow and drop early. Entomological Society of America. Because of its wide distribution over the world, its ability to tolerate cooler climates better than most other species of tropical fruit flies, and its wide range of hosts, it is ranked first among economically important fruit fly species. Usually about 50% of the flies die during the first two months after emergence. Sutton, Division of Plant Industry. 1994. Steck. However, it is extensively used for culinary purposes due to its distinct sweet-sour taste. If you have any questions, please call the toll-free Mediterranean fruit fly helpline at 1-888-397-1517. Cooke/Oxford Scientific Films. Bactrocera tryoni. Figure 14. Scientific Name. In this age of jet transportation, the medfly can be transported from one part of the world to some distant place in a matter of hours, which greatly complicates efforts to contain it within its present distribution. ADDucation’s fruit family list includes some fruits which are commonly believed to be vegetables (avocados, gourds and nightshades) and Rhubarb which is commonly believed to be a fruit but is a vegetable. Newly emerged adults are not sexually mature. 1975. The Mediterranean fruit fly and its economic impact on Central American countries and Panama. Photograph by Scott Bauer, USDA. Agropee. The median area is relatively unsclerotized. (http://www.pestalert.org/oprDetail.cfm?oprID=511). 1971. 2008. The dye proved to be as effective as malathion-bait sprays and might be a safe, effective alternative to previously used aerially-applied malathion insecticide baits. Grapefruit is a citrus hybrid originating in Barbados as an accidental cross between the sweet orange (C. sinensis) and the pomelo or shaddock (C. maxima), both of which were introduced from Asia in the 17th century. This method is used for bananas and papaya. The anal lobe is either bifid or entire. A female medfly will lay one to 10 eggs in an egg cavity 1 mm deep, may lay as many as 22 eggs per day, and may lay as many as 800 eggs during her lifetime (usually about 300). Larvae burrow into interior of the fruit to feed on the pulp for 3 - 4 weeks. White or taking on the color of the food it ingests. Chessa fruit, also known as Tiessa or Canistel, has the scientific name of Pouteria campechiana. Pictorial key to fruit fly larvae of the family Tephritidae. Annual Review of Entomology 5: 171-192. There are usually nine to 10 tubules, although there may be seven to 11. Fully grown larvae, when the surrounding air temperature is warm, flex and "jump" repeatedly as much as 25 mm when removed from fruit. The females can be separated from most other species by the characteristic yellow wing pattern and the apical half of the scutellum being entirely black (White and Elson-Harris 1994). DIAGNOSIS . 1960. Ayers EL. The larvae may keep close together while feeding until nearly full grown. Graphic by Division of Plant Industry. Caudal end of larva of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). The kind and condition of the fruit often influence the length of the larval stage. The Drosophila melanogaster, also known as the “common fruit fly” or “vinegar fly” is a species of fly in the Drosophilidae family. Scientific Name: Common Name: 1: Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) Guava fruit fly: 2: B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) Melon fly: 3: B. dorsalis (Hendel) Oriental fruit fly: 4: B. tsuneonis (Miyake) Japanese orange fly: 5: B.zonata (Saunders) Peach fruit fly : 3. Figure 4. These are shorter at the head end, and lengthen progressively towards the rear end. In Florida, Inspectors from the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Division of Plant Industry continually monitor the traps for the appearance of pest fruit flies. Proceedings of the Entomology Society of Washington 51: 81-205. Distribution. Bananas are harvested green and papaya at colour break. 601 pp. The larvae feed upon the pulp of host fruits, sometimes tunneling through it and eventually reducing the whole to a juicy, inedible mass. Larva: Larva are white with a typical fruit fly larval shape, i.e., cylindrical maggot-shape, elongate, anterior end narrowed and somewhat recurved ventrally, with anterior mouth hooks, and flattened caudal end. Photograph by Scott Bauer, USDA. Figure 25. (http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/tropical/mexican_fruit_fly.htm). Weems, Jr., H.V., J.B. Heppner, and G.J. 77. It is yellow in colour with dark brown to black markings on the segment where the wings are attached. Larvae burrow into the pulp of developing fruit and leave through a large exit hole. that look similar to . 1991. QUARANTINE AREA NOTICE - Bactrocera (Bactrocera) tryoni (Queensland Fruit Fly or Qfly) CLAREMONT, NEDLANDS and DALKEITH SCHEDULE 1 Queensland Fruit Fly Hosts Common Name Scientific Name Abiu Pouteria caimito Acerola Malpighia glabra Rangpur Achachairu Garcinia humilis Apple Malus domestica Lime Apricot Prunus armeniaca The fly is as big as housefly. Greene CT. 1929. Heppner JB. 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